In 1890, the Belgian Gallain introduced the Coffea canephora congolensis crop to Congo, after careful studies and analysis in a Brussels nursery. The first plantations were grown in the south-central territory of Congo, and they were extremely productive and resistant to rust.
Arabica was later introduced in Congo and was cultivated near Lake Kivu, on the border with Uganda and Rwanda, at around 1,500 metres altitude.
The economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly called Zaire) is primarily based on agriculture, which feeds two-thirds of the local population, as is the case in many other countries of Central Africa.
Congo’s major limitations are the lack of adequate structures for inland transportation and the constant socio-political issues, which hinder the development of forward-looking trade policies.
Coffee is the most important agricultural product in Congo and the third largest export after copper and oil.